Modern Greenhouses

теплицы

Industrial greenhouses.

Farm greenhouses.

Greenhouse as a hobby.

What is a modern greenhouse, why should it be built and how to use it effectively?

Growing plants in greenhouses is the optimal solution for an agricultural business. Only with the use of protected ground facilities will your farm be profitable and competitive.

Plants can be grown in normal, natural conditions, that is, in the open field, but this is associated with a high level of risks.

What are these risks?
1. Abrupt and unexpected temperature change. For example late or early frosts. Just a few hours lowering the temperature below 0 degrees can completely destroy the plants. Such frosts can be observed, for example, in May, and sometimes even in June in more northern regions, and early ones - in September-October.
2. Rain. Lingering rains. (Plant soaking). Heavy showers. (Mechanical damage to stems and fruits).
3. Wind. Strong wind, sharp gusts of wind. (Mechanical damage to stems and fruits). Dry wind - long, rather strong summer winds that dry up the soil and plants.
4. Hail.
5. The sun. Overheat. Sunburn. Dry air.
6. Birds and insects.
7. Diseases.
Not all are listed here, but the main risks when growing plants outdoors, how to avoid these risks? Right. The open field must be protected. The method of guaranteed harvesting is called growing plants in greenhouses.

The first thing that comes to mind is growing plants in a greenhouse. The root of the word greenhouse is warmth. And naturally, thoughts immediately arise about the stove, boiler, heating, firewood, coal, gas, and so on. But if we try to translate the word greenhouse into Russian (this is the name of the building in English), we get a completely different meaning: a greenhouse, or a house for plants (!) If we look at the list of the risks listed above, we can see that frost is far from the only and not the main reason why plants hide under a roof, that is, they are grown in the protected ground. that the main task of the greenhouse is not only warmth but first of all, the creation of an optimal microclimate and the best conditions for growing plants, primarily in spring, summer and autumn. A winter greenhouse is a separate topic, but I am convinced that in modern conditions such a structure is absolutely ineffective and unprofitable.

Special purpose.
1. Large greenhouse complexes.
2. Farms. Small and medium.
3. Backyard commercial buildings of a protected ground.
4. Hobbies. For use in the country or in the garden.

Protected ground options:
1. Stationary greenhouses, seasonal or winter.
2. Tunnel greenhouses.
3. Lightweight tunnels.
4. Low tunnels.
5. NetHouse. Net house or mesh house.

Coating.
1. Glass.
2. Film.
3. Polycarbonate.

Equipment.
1. Irrigation system.
2. Fertigation. (Fertilizer with irrigation water).
3. Airing.
4. Regulation and maintenance of microclimate.
5. Use of soil or substrate. (Hydroponics).
6. mulching.
7. Automation. Irrigation and microclimate automation.

Heating.
1. Powerful stationary heating system. (When trying to grow something in winter).
2. Small, low, or medium power back-up heating designed for emergency maintenance of a positive temperature in the greenhouse in case of extreme situations.

When you set a goal to start growing plants in greenhouses, you must first define the goals and objectives that you set for yourself. Then, on the basis of this, you need to decide, but what do you really need ???? Whether a winter glass greenhouse or a light tunnel? Before making a final decision, try to answer all the distinctive features of various protected ground structures listed above. But after that, you can choose the type of construction, type of coverage, and a list of necessary equipment for the greenhouse. Do not forget to calculate the economy. The number of total costs and the result you want to get.

Perhaps the main thing that you should pay attention to is the goal that you set for yourself: either it is a greenhouse business, or it is a hobby, that is, a greenhouse for pleasure. In the second case, the cost of the greenhouse and equipment for it are not decisive. Perhaps the most important thing is design and usability.

If this is your business, then the choice of design and especially equipment for greenhouses must be approached very thoughtfully and, first of all, the economy must be carefully calculated. Particular attention should be paid to greenhouse equipment. The cost of equipment always exceeds the cost of a cold house (frame and coating), but the overall economic result will depend on the quality, reliability, and durability of the equipment. It is very important to reduce the labor costs for maintenance as much as possible and to minimize the "human factor" in order to avoid mistakes and accidents, respectively, the risk of crop loss.

When choosing a greenhouse design, you must be guided by the following requirements:

The location of the greenhouse. (Climatic zone).
Crops grown. (Vegetables, berries, seedlings, flowers, green).
Mode of operation. (All year round or seasonal cultivation - spring-summer, autumn-winter).
Technology. (Soil, substrate, hydroponics).

These are the main starting points to start designing. Real projects need to consider hundreds of details and factors that are inherent in each individual farm in order to create optimal growing conditions for plants and ensure the maximum economic efficiency of greenhouse operation.

Greenhouse designs.

Photo of various greenhouses. The concept of a modern greenhouse.

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