Automation in agriculture

Efficient farming is currently impossible without automation in farming processes.
Automation makes it possible to optimize these processes to create and maintain plants and animals the best conditions for their life and development.

Types of automation

Automatics system is now widely used ranging from a small flower bed next to your house, to the greenhouses, poultry houses, animal farms, and on open ground.
Automation makes it possible to significantly increase production, improve product quality, productivity, and efficiency, facilitate work and eliminate errors caused by "human error".

Automatic is available different levels of complexity, from simple, low-cost controllers to sophisticated computer systems that can take into account the numerous parameters and determine the optimal settings for the managed object.

controllers

Controllers are called electronic devices, allowing to manage the processes, such as irrigation, according to fixed time program.
Such devices also have additional capabilities for sensors, for example, a rain sensor, which allows visualization of the environment and to adjust the desired irrigation program initially disabling the flow of water during rain.

These controllers are available, single-channel and multi-channel. The multichannel controller allows us to control simultaneously several watering lines, by individually configured for each line parameters.
Multichannel systems are available for the management of both 4 to 12 independent lines.

On the left, the controller to control irrigation example on the plot. It has a built-in solenoid valve and powered by a 9-volt battery.
Pictured right, an eight-channel controller that can be used in private households and in landscaping and for automation of greenhouses or farm fields. These controllers can be powered by either batteries or AC power.

Industrial automation systems.

Controller for controlling the irrigation system and filtering

The main types of controllers used a 9v battery and do not need additional external power.
The controllers are available in various modifications are available and often such controllers with special parameters transmitted by the customer specification.

Controllers for irrigation, except for the water supply for a given program can also track the number of additional parameters, such as soil moisture, temperature, the presence of rain and automatically adjust irrigation.
For control of water filtration systems, controllers are used taking into account the pressure difference between the inlet and outlet water flow rate, and automatically including washing the filters in their clogging. This is very important, especially when watering plants with water from sources having a high degree of contamination.

Industrial controllers are available in durable housing to protect them from the environment and can operate reliably outdoors.

Medium and large CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR OPEN GROUND

management system for medium and large areas of open ground is based on more powerful controllers, allowing not only to define and control irrigation parameters but also to add fertilizer, pesticides, and other components in the irrigation water.

This family includes various types of controllers with similar software features but with different hardware designs, to fit different needs. The irrigation management system can be built on the basis of one or several controllers. Most of these systems have the ability to output data to a computer with which an operator can control and manage multiple irrigation objects.
In recent years, more and more often for irrigation systems in open ground, using a remote wireless data transmission system. Thus, for example, a farmer can control your home computer process irrigate more fields at a distance of tens of kilometers.

GREENHOUSE AUTOMATION

To irrigate hothouses special controllers developed which provide monitoring and control of acidity (pH) and electric conductivity (EC) of irrigation water and include a device for precise dosing of liquid fertilizer and adjusting acidity of the solution, by feeding the concentrated formulations from containers.

automation systems for greenhouses today, it is usually fully functional computer systems that control not only irrigation but also temperature, humidity, light intensity, that is completely regulated and maintain the microclimate in the greenhouse at an optimal level.
 

Frost protection

protection from frost controller specifically designed to protect crops and the hydraulic systems from freezing. Analog temperature sensor connected to the device allows to continuously monitor the temperature in the range from -10 to +60 Cº. When the ambient temperature drops below the setpoint, irrigation is activated, and it remains on until the temperature rises above the set value if for some reason an analog sensor can not be used, it is possible to use a contact thermostat. In addition to the control output to the solenoid, the system has an output which allows to include alarm and report on the main controller for the inclusion of protection from frost.
 

HUMIDITY CONTROL

Humidity controllers are designed to control moisture fogging systems in greenhouses.
They are designed for two purposes. First, this spraying water to lower the temperature inside the greenhouse and controlled by a temperature sensor, and the second is to maintain humidity at a given program level.
In standby mode, the controller operates in a cyclic mode, and cycle time depends on the set temperature. In addition, there is the ability to install on the operating time.
The fogging mode or maintain the desired humidity works regardless of temperature and time.

Meteocontrol

Meteorological monitoring systems are increasingly used to monitor the state of the environment and making adjustments to the operation of the automatic control systems. Own mini weather station makes it possible not only to monitor the current state of the weather, but also to adjust the operation of the equipment, for example, irrigation, ventilation, and temperature control.
All modern mini-weather stations have the ability to connect to your computer and save the weather data for the entire year. This helps the farmer to plan agrotechnology clearer and make the correction on the basis of the analysis of future data.

A compact and reliable small weather station, easily installed and associated with the overall computer control automatics greenhouses or other objects.

This is not an exhaustive list of systems used to automate the irrigation process.

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