Growing strawberries in greenhouses
Strawberries IN THE GREENHOUSE
Strawberries - delicious berry. And I would like to eat it, not only during the traditional collection from the garden, for 2-3 weeks, and would be desirable to feast on this yummy constantly, well, or at least stretch the pleasure of it from early spring until late fall. In this case, without the greenhouse, not enough. There are two variants of strawberry cultivation in greenhouses. The first - a relatively inexpensive, allows obtaining without any additional costs early strawberries and strawberry later. For this purpose seasonal greenhouses, without complicated and expensive heating systems and artificial supplementary lighting, and strawberries are planted in the ground, on the high ridges.
If the berries must be done in the winter, you will need to build a full-featured winter greenhouse with heating and electrical supplementary lighting plants. This greenhouse is much more expensive and the cost of farmed products may be too high due to the high cost of heating and lighting. Therefore, I would not recommend this growing technology in particular for the northern regions, where such costs can be prohibitive.
Growing strawberries in greenhouses inexpensive, for example, TEDEN-500 model, dimensions 10h51 meters. Seedlings planted on 10 beds, 2 rows on a bed in a checkerboard pattern. The distance between the plants of about 20 centimeters and 30-40 centimeters between rows. The total number of 5100 plants in a greenhouse, the yield up to 4 tons of strawberries per season.
To make better use of greenhouses, after the harvest, for example, in late May and June, strawberries removed from the greenhouse and it can grow other crops, such as vegetables, herbs, or flowers.
Additional equipment for such a greenhouse system includes automatic drip irrigation and fertigation framed assembly special mulching two-color film. For shading the greenhouse. Upon the occurrence of hot weather, applicable obscuring mesh, which greenhouse is covered from above.
The technology is intended for the early spring cultivation of strawberries. With proper selection of varieties of fruiting periods can be adjusted and strawberries can be grown in a greenhouse for a longer time.
Growing strawberries on the ground, it's the cheapest way, but it has certain drawbacks, for example, so that the root system of plants affected by nematodes quickly enough, which leads to a significant reduction in yield and deterioration in the quality of products.
One of the most effective ways to get rid of this shortcoming - the transition to growing strawberries hydroponically on artificial substrate. The most effective kind of substrate for this purpose is the coconut substrate.
On the technology of growing container
The latest, most advanced development - a growing plant in special containers made of polypropylene, which are filled with a coconut substrate and placed in a plastic chute, suspended at a height of 1.5 - 1.8m.
This method allows you to create the most favorable conditions for the development of plants and facilities for the workers, harvest, or perform other operations. Perhaps the most time-consuming operation for growing strawberries - is its cleaning. If the plants are usually placed at ground level, harvesting strawberries is a working operation with low productivity and working quickly get tired, as the harvest comes in a very uncomfortable position, which leads to rapid fatigue and a sharp decline in labor productivity. In addition, traditional technology leads to lower productivity and marketability of products grown. Berry, in contact with the ground and even with mulch frequently affected primarily by fungal diseases or sometimes damaged crawling insects and slugs. In addition, the berries are polluted soil particles of the earth.
Growing in containers on the suspension, manufacturers can eliminate virtually all of these disadvantages, and small-volume hydroponics technology allows you to fully automate and optimize irrigation and power plants, which also contributes to higher yields. When the container growing techniques, it is possible to condense planting and increase the number of plants per 1 square meter, and accordingly to get the maximum yield.
In one greenhouse model TEDEN-500, the total number of plants can be plants of 8000-9000, and the yield up to 11 kilograms per square meter, that is, on the one greenhouse can produce up to 5.5 tons of the dugout for a season. Economic efficiency - even higher, as a percentage of substandard fruit is much smaller, and the marketability and sales price of strawberries correspondingly higher.
The distance between the troughs 50-60 cm. The number of plants in each container 11-13 meter pieces.
Greenhouse
For container cultivation of strawberries and other crops need a stationary greenhouse, equipped with irrigation systems, fertigation, ventilation, shading, automatic control systems, irrigation and microclimate, and for greenhouses year-round use, or designed for very early production, and also heating and artificial lighting systems.
A prerequisite is the availability of the automatic drip irrigation with fertigation (fertilizers with irrigation water) because for small volume hydroponic systems require constant maintenance of precision as the substrate humidity, and very exact composition of irrigation water and the concentration of dissolved mineral salts.
ready existing greenhouses can be used properly equipped with the necessary equipment, or new ones, which were originally designed for growing plants in this way.
Depending on climatic conditions, and other operating conditions greenhouses can select different design greenhouses, starting from cheap and easy to maintain tunnel greenhouses or multisection film before winter stationary greenhouses with polycarbonate or glass coating.
The main parameter to be considered its cost-effectiveness when choosing design greenhouses, which includes the construction costs, operating costs (including the additional costs of heating and lighting), maintenance costs, reliability, durability, cost, and frequency of maintenance and repair works, and many other options.
equipment for greenhouses
The greenhouse must be equipped with a full-featured set of equipment, including an irrigation system by the solution node (block fertigation), automatic all the process control system in the greenhouse, including climate control, electrical equipment, which is composed of switchboards, cables, all-electric actuators, including fans, electric motors drive a variety of devices and, if necessary, supplementary lighting plant system.
For winter greenhouses needed as special boilers or air heaters for liquid or gaseous fuels and heating systems, the parameters corresponding to the climatic zone in which are located the greenhouse.
Additional equipment includes drainage trays PVC suspension containers, as well as themselves from polypropylene containers which are filled with substrate and the plants planted therein.
Containers. Construction and assembly.
The container is formed from durable two-layer polypropylene. The preform of each container is made from sheet material and is delivered to customers in batches.
A container blank is easy to assemble since embossments configuration allows for quick assembly and subsequent placement into plant container and drip irrigation tube. Alternatively, you can use external compensated drip irrigation.
Installation of the system.
Gutters mounted in the greenhouse on hangers.
NOTE: When using a plant cultivation system of the greenhouse should be of sturdy construction, designed for additional loads, to withstand the weight of the gutters with containers and plants. The greenhouse also must include the so-called trellising system designed for the suspension gutters containers.
The troughs are usually hung across or along with the greenhouse over the entire width or length. The gutter is easy to fit and is going through the desired length.
Mandatory condition - the trough should be sloped to one side so that excess irrigation water can drain off. The slope should be about 1.5%. At the end of the trough is mounted a special nozzle for discharging water to a drain pipe.
After the suspension gutters them stacked containers filled with substrate. Along with all the containers in the upper part thereof, the drip irrigation pipe is laid, after which the top cover halves are closed.
Since this system is low volume, then to the pipes for drip irrigation or external droppers special requirements. The drip tube must be equipped with a built-compensated dripper with small water consumption and anti drainage structure that allows to organize optimal watering and provide uniform wetting of the substrate along the entire length rows.
In one square meter greenhouse equipped with a system of cultivation of strawberries, can accommodate 16 to 22 plants.
If you need assistance in designing and supplying equipment for these farms, you can apply with a detailed request to our company: SEND A REQUEST
